¿EMPRENDIMIENTO POR OPORTUNIDAD O POR NECESIDAD? ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO ENTRE PAÍSES
Resumen
La decisión de convertirse en emprendedor es un paso inicial y crucial dentro del proceso emprendedor. Esta decisión está motivada por diferentes factores que pueden clasificarse en factores push (necesidad) o pull (oportunidad). El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar en qué países la motivación emprendedora está determinada por factores push y en cuales por factores pull. Con esta finalidad, se llevó a cabo un análisis de conglomerados, utilizando la base de datos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2014, la cual abarca una muestra de 62 países. A través de los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que los países donde la motivación por emprender está determinada por factores push están principalmente localizados en: América Central, El Caribe, América del Sur, África y en el Sudeste Asiático. Mientras que los países donde la motivación está determinada por factores pullestán mayoritariamente localizados en: Europa, América del Norte, Oceanía y en el Norte de Asia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Emprendimiento; Motivación; Necesidad; Oportunidad.ENTREPRENEURSHIP BY OPPORTUNITY OR NEED? COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN COUNTRIESABSTRACTThe decision to become an entrepreneur is an initial and crucial step in the entrepreneurial process. This decision is motivated by different factors that can be classified as push (need) or pull (opportunity). The objective of this paper is to analyze in which countries the entrepreneurial motivation is determined by push factors and in which by pull factors. For this purpose, a cluster analysis was carried out, using the database of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2014, which includes a sample of 62 countries. Through the results obtained, it can be concluded that the countries where the motivation to undertake is determined by push factors are mainly located in: Central America, the Caribbean, South America, Africa and Southeast Asia. While the countries where motivation is determined by pull factors are mostly located in: Europe, North America, Oceania and North Asia.KEYWORDS: Entrepreneurship; Motivation; Necessity; Opportunity.Descargas
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