Prescripción del ejercicio en paciente crítico adulto: una propuesta desde la planificación del entrenamiento
Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar los parámetros considerados para la prescripción del ejercicio en paciente críticamente enfermo, como base para la generación de una propuesta de entrenamiento. Métodos: Revisión sistemática. Fueron seleccionados 1115 estudios realizados en 10 paises a partir de los años 2010 a 2017, publicados en bases de datos como Cochraine, PUBMED, PEDro, LILACS y Scielo. Como términos MeSH se emplearon: critical illness, training exercise, rehabilitation, además de ecuaciones de búsqueda en inglés y en español. Resultados: Se revisaron 1115 artículos, se tomaron como base 23 estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Las tendencias observadas fueron: (8 artículos) abordaron los inicios de la actividad y beneficios; (7 artículos) sobre criterios hemodinámicos que debe cumplir el paciente; (6 artículos) relacionan parámetros de prescripción y (2 artículos) relacionados con Progresión de la Actividad. Conclusiones: La secuencia organizada y coordinada de los ejercicios incorporados dentro del programa de rehabilitación en la unidad de cuidado intensivo, es fundamental para la adaptación funcional y sistémica del individuo. Es importante vincular en el proceso a todos los profesionales que intervengan con el usuario, de modo que cada eje se articule en pro del bienestar bio- psico- social del paciente. Palabras Clave: estado crítico, entrenamiento, rehabilitación.Descargas
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